Results and Discussion3.1. Total Number/Mass Concentration of Particle Emitted from CombustionThe results are shown in enzyme inhibitor Table 2. The total number of particle emitted from combustion of lignite, rice husk, and bagasse are 3.4 �� 103, 1.6 �� 104, and 1.51 �� 105particles/cm3 ? kgfuel, respectively, while total mass of particles are 12.2, 8.0, and 6.5mg/Nm3 ? kgfuel. These results indicate roughly that combustion of low bulk density fuel may be one of the causes to generate higher the emitted particle (compared to lignite). Table 2Total number/mass concentration of particles.However, comparison with 1.8 �� 1013, 1 �� 1013, 1.7 �� 1013 particle/kg released from combustion in self-built burning stove of wheat straw, corn straw, and rice straw, respectively [13]. It seems that the low of density fuel (i.

e., rice husk or bagasse) may not be a priority concerned with high emission of PM but the combustion technology or operating condition seems more importance. Other interesting is that bagasse and rice husk have higher volatile yield than coal, therefore, the main combustion process is marked by devolatilisation rate of fuel and homogeneous (gas-phase) reaction dominated, which later favours particle formation via gas-to-solid pathway (e.g., condensation). According to this phenomenon, this could be observed from the reverse relationships between particle number and particle mass concentration. For instance, most prevailing size of particle of bagasse combustion is at dp 70nm of 80% cumulative of total number of particle.

Because this high content of submicron particles is less significant to contribute the overall mass loading, thus low mass concentration does. In addition, low mass of emitted particle also indicates the lower particle density of residues. 3.2. Total Number/Mass Concentration of Particle Emitted from Cofiring of Lignite and Rice HuskCofiring of lignite and rice husk was performed under various mass fraction and ratio of overfired air to total air and results are shown in Table 3. Table 3Total number/mass concentration of particle.It can be seen that cofired lignite and rice husk result in increase of both particle number and mass concentration compared to burning of either lignite or rice husk. This synergy effect could be from the difference in fuel properties and physical which needed further investigation and analysis.

While mass fraction concentration has affected to PM emission, an increase in lignite mass concentration leads to decrease in PM emission. However, total number/mass concentration of particle is decreased dramatically at overfired air to total air ratio of 0.1. The result of particle number Entinostat of fuel mixture (8.7 �� 103) is in between those of lignite and rice husk (3.4 �� 103 and 1.6 �� 104) but mass concentration is much lower. This could be said that PM emission at this condition probably is very fine particle. 3.3.