A total of 13,896.37 kg per hectare of stem and leaves were harvested in a single harvest. The glycosides productivity obtained from a single harvest; rebaudioside A (398.80 kg ha(-1)) and stevioside (512.21 PRT062607 purchase kg ha(-1)) was also greater than the yields of multiple harvests (2 and 3 harvests). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“With good hemostatic ability, the end-firing continuous-wave diode laser at 980 nm was used to enucleate the prostate (DiLEP) for the treatment of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). The study compared the patients’
demographics and surgical outcomes between DiLEP and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Patients with significant BPO and a total prostatic weight of 40 g or more who had undergone DiLEP (n = 74) or TURP (n = 52) during the same period at our hospital were enrolled for analysis. DiLEP was performed by a single surgeon (Yang), and TURP by three surgeons (Yang, Hsieh and Chang). The 4-U incision technique was developed for DiLEP. The diode laser ensured bloodless incision followed by blunt dissection using the resectoscope and laser fiber as an ‘index finger’ to enucleate the prostate. To prevent unexpected deep thermal damage, the power of the laser was
set at 80 W and the laser beam was directed towards the bladder neck and not towards the prostatic capsule. Demographic data and perioperative parameters were comparable between the two groups, except that DiLEP resulted in a significantly lower drop in hemoglobin level (0.9 +/- 1.0 vs. 1.6 +/- 2.4 g/dl, p = 0.03), shorter catheterization time (41.2 +/- 19.9 vs. 67.7 +/- 33.3 h, p = 0.01), and shorter Selleck Nepicastat postoperative stay selleck chemical (2.9 +/- 1.9 vs. 4.1 +/- 6.2 days, p = 00.01). Delayed postoperative sloughing of necrotic tissue was
not observed in the DiLEP group. Improvements in voiding parameters were comparable between the groups, and were sustained during a follow-up of up to 1 year. DiLEP provided better hemostasis than TURP as evidenced by less blood loss. The role of DiLEP treating BPO requires further investigation.”
“Segmenting retinal vessels in optic nerve head (ONH) centered spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) volumes is particularly challenging due to the projected neural canal opening (NCO) and relatively low visibility in the ONH center. Color fundus photographs provide a relatively high vessel contrast in the region inside the NCO, but have not been previously used to aid the SD-OCT vessel segmentation process. Thus, in this paper, we present two approaches for the segmentation of retinal vessels in SD-OCT volumes that each take advantage of complimentary information from fundus photographs. In the first approach (referred to as the registered-fundus vessel segmentation approach), vessels are first segmented on the fundus photograph directly (using a k-NN pixel classifier) and this vessel segmentation result is mapped to the SD-OCT volume through the registration of the fundus photograph to the SD-OCT volume.