The rho-T relation is simulated using TSUPREM-4 and calibrated us

The rho-T relation is simulated using TSUPREM-4 and calibrated using a furnace of known temperature. The final sheet resistance varies spatially between 50 and 250 Omega/sq, and can be related to the temperature of each part of the wafer during the soak step, with a sensitivity of similar to 0.5 Omega/degrees C, and a two-dimensional

temperature map can be extracted. The method is demonstrated on wafers by characterizing the hot zone of a high-temperature furnace. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3544347]“
“The objective of U0126 cell line this study is to assess the reliability of clinical examination in patients with erosive osteoarthritis (EOA). Eighteen patients with EOA underwent clinical examination for joint tenderness, bony swelling, and inflammation by two independent, blinded assessors. All patients were also examined by ultrasound (US) by an independent radiologist. The inter-observer agreement was moderate for bony swelling and joint tenderness and fair for joint inflammation (kappa = 0.513, 0.448, and 0.402, respectively). US detected

significantly more inflamed joints than clinical examination. The sensitivity and specificity of clinical examination for joint inflammation were 0.12 and 0.95, respectively. Clinical joint counts for bony swelling, tenderness, and inflammation all correlated with functional status, assessed by the functional index for hand osteoarthritis (FIHOA), whereas US joint counts for joint inflammation did not FG-4592 correlate with the FIHOA. No correlation was found between any clinical or US joint count and visual analog AS1842856 in vivo scale for pain. US detects more joints with inflammation than clinical examination in patients with EOA. US can supplement the clinical examination of patients with EOA, as US-detected subclinical joint inflammation might accelerate joint damage and thus functional impairment.”
“The kinetics of thermal degradation of standard and commercial polyethylene (PE) samples is investigated, by employing

different methods like Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Coats-Redfern, Kissinger, and Augis-Bennett. The order of reaction obtained was 0.741 and 1.124 for standard and commercial samples, respectively. The activation energy obtained in this way was 279.6-311.0 kJ/mol and 300.5-374.1 kJ/mol for standard and commercial samples, respectively, depending upon the method used. The activation energy obtained by different methods decreases in the order Flynn-Wall-Ozawa”" Augis and Bennett”" Kissinger”" Coats and Redfern. It is observed that most of the methods deviated from the experimental results, in low (0.1-0.3) degree of conversion region but worked well in the middle (0.5-0.7) degree of conversion region. It has also been noticed that both the order and activation energy were slightly dependent over the heating rate and degree of conversion. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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