Our model of radiogenic oxidative stress is consistent with these

Our model of radiogenic oxidative stress is consistent with these data and can potentially be generalized to other organisms and lower radiation doses. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Evidence of normalized auditory P50 suppression with acute nicotine in schizophrenia has supported the contention that elevated smoking rates in this disorder may be an attempt to correct a nicotinic receptor

pathophysiology that may underly impaired sensory gating in these patients. There is very little information regarding the neurochemical or genetic pathways through which nicotine regulates P50 amplitude and its suppression in human studies. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design with 24 non-smokers, this study examined the influence of TaqIA dopamine LCL161 manufacturer D2 receptor gene polymorphisms on P50 and its inhibition during nicotine gum (6 mg) administration. Within a paired click (S(1)-S(2)) paradigm, placebo treated A1(+) and A1(-) allele groups differed with respect

to P50 amplitude and gating. While nicotine (relative to placebo) attenuated S, P50 amplitude BI-D1870 manufacturer in A1(+) allele carriers, in the A1(-) carriers it increased S(2) P50 amplitude and increased P50 gating as indexed by an augmented gating difference wave (GDW). These findings suggest that nicotine exerts mixed gating properties in healthy nicotine naive volunteers and that dopamine functions to alter both P50 and its gating as D-malate dehydrogenase well as their response to acute nicotine agonist treatment. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Hypoxia-ischemia is a significant cause of brain damage in the human newborn and can result in long-term neurodevelopmental disability. The loss of oxygen and glucose supply to the developing brain leads to excitotoxic neuronal cell damage and

death; such over-excitation of nerve cells can also manifest as seizures. The newborn brain is highly susceptible to seizures although it is unclear what role they have in hypoxic-ischemic (H/I) injury. The aim of this study was to determine an association between seizures and severity of brain injury in a piglet model of perinatal H/I and, whether injury severity was related to type of seizure, i.e. sub-clinical (electrographic seizures only) or clinical (electrographic seizures+physical signs). Hypoxia (4% O(2)) was induced in anaesthetised newborn piglets for 30 min with a final 10 min period of hypotension; animals were recovered and survived to 72 h. Animals were monitored daily for seizures both visually and with electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. Brain injury was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), (1)H-MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS), EEG and by histology (haematoxylin and eosin). EEG seizures were observed in 75% of all H/I animals, 46% displayed clinical seizures and 29% sub-clinical seizures. Seizure animals showed significantly lower background amplitude EEG across all post-insult days.

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