Moreover, strains CPD17 and CPD23, both carrying a deletion in fdhE, and strain CPD24, which carries deletions in the genes encoding the large subunit of Fdh-N and Fdh-O (Figure 2C, right Bucladesine supplier panel) also lacked the Fdh-N and Fdh-O activity bands, as anticipated. Taken together, the fast-migrating, H2-dependent NBT-reducing activity band shown here

is not linked to formate dehydrogenase activity and is Hyd-1. As a final Fulvestrant nmr control, we replaced the electron donor H2 with formate, the usual substrate of the formate dehydrogenases. The only activity detectable after native-PAGE and staining was that due to Fdh-N and Fdh-O (Figure 5B) and this activity was absent in extracts of strain FM460 (ΔselC). Figure 5 Exclusive hydrogen-dependent reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by Hyd-1 and the Fdh-N/O enzymes. A: Total cell extracts (25 μg of protein) from the strains CPD17 (ΔhyaB

hybC fdhE) and CP971 (ΔhycA-I) after anaerobic growth in TGYEP, pH 6.5 were Epigenetics inhibitor applied to native-PAGE (7.5% w/v polyacrylamide) and the gels were subsequently stained for 3 h under a 100% hydrogen with PMS-NBT or BV-TTC as described in the Methods section. B: Cell extracts as in A from the strains MC4100, DHP-F2 (ΔhypF), FM460 (ΔselC), FTD22 (ΔhyaB), FTD67 (ΔhybC) and CP971 (ΔhycA-I) were submitted to native page (7.5% w/v polyacrylamide) and stained with PMS-NBT and formate under a 100% nitrogen C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR-7) atmosphere. The activities of the formate dehydrogenases N and O (Fdh-N/O) are given on the right hand side of the gel. Arrows

indicate the top of the gel. Reduction of NBT by Hyd-1 variants with amino acid exchanges in the supernumerary cysteines near the proximal [4Fe-3 S] cluster Of the three hydrogenases synthesized in anaerobically growing E. coli cells only Hyd-1 can reduce NBT in a hydrogen-dependent manner. One of the major differences between Hyd-1 and the other enzymes is its oxygen tolerance [39]. The current proposed reason for the high oxygen tolerance exhibited by Hyd-1 is the unusual proximal [4Fe-3S]-cluster, along with two additional cysteinyl residues in the immediate environment around the cluster [9, 40]. Indeed, recent site-specific mutagenesis experiments have identified Cys-19 as being particularly important for conferring oxygen-tolerance to the enzyme, because when substituted by glycine it generates an active Hyd-1 variant that is oxygen-sensitive [9]. In order to test whether the supernumerary cysteinyl residues (Cys-19 and Cys-120) are important for the ability of Hyd-1 to reduce NBT, we examined the H2-dependent NBT-reduction activity of extracts derived from strains encoding the HyaA small-subunit variants C19G and C120G variants of Hyd-1 [9].