To develop, scrutinize, and enhance a dental implant design, this study examines square threads and variable thread dimensions to ascertain the most effective form. Finite element analysis (FEA) and numerical optimization were combined to create a mathematical model for this study. Researchers explored the critical parameters of dental implants using response surface methodology (RSM) and design of experiments (DOE), resulting in the identification of an optimized shape. Against the backdrop of optimal conditions, the simulated results were measured against the predicted values. Employing a one-factor RSM design model for dental implants subjected to a 450-newton vertical compressive load, the optimal thread depth-to-width ratio was determined to be 0.7, minimizing both von Mises and shear stresses. The study found the buttress thread to be the optimal configuration, producing the lowest von Mises and shear stress, compared to square threads. This result prompted the calculation of the thread parameters, yielding a depth of 0.45 times the pitch, a width of 0.3 times the pitch, and a 17-degree angle. Interchangeability of common 4-mm diameter abutments is facilitated by the implant's consistent diameter.

The research project sought to determine how cooling influences the reverse torque readings observed during the insertion of diverse abutments for both bone-level and tissue-level implant procedures. The null hypothesis, concerning reverse torque differences in abutment screws, assumed no variations between cooled and uncooled implant abutments. Straumann bone-level and tissue-level implants (n=36 for each) were surgically placed into synthetic bone blocks, and further categorized into three groups (12 implants each), with each group distinguished by the abutment type utilized: titanium base, cementable abutment, and abutment for screw-retained restorations. A torque of 35 Ncm was applied to each abutment screw. A 60-second dry ice rod treatment was administered to the abutment areas near the implant-abutment connection in half of the implants, prior to unscrewing the abutment. The cooling process was omitted for the remaining implant-abutment pairs. A digital torque meter was utilized to record the maximum reverse torque values, which were subsequently documented. DNA Repair chemical Three cycles of tightening, releasing, and cooling were applied to each implant within the test groups, resulting in eighteen reverse torque values per group. The study used a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyze the relationship between cooling and abutment type, with respect to the measurements. Differences between groups were examined using post hoc t-tests, a statistical method employing a significance level of .05. Multiple testing correction of post hoc test p-values was accomplished through the Bonferroni-Holm method. In light of the findings, the null hypothesis was rejected. DNA Repair chemical The reverse torque values of bone-level implants were significantly influenced by cooling and abutment type (P = .004). Implants at the tissue level were excluded from the analysis, as indicated by a statistically significant result (P = .051). The reverse torque exhibited by bone-level implants underwent a significant decline following cooling, decreasing from 2031 ± 255 Ncm to 1761 ± 249 Ncm. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was observed in the average reverse torque values between bone-level and tissue-level implants. Bone-level implants demonstrated a higher value (1896 ± 284 Ncm) than tissue-level implants (1613 ± 317 Ncm). Cooling the implant abutment resulted in a marked decrease in reverse torque values measured in bone-level implants, and thus, advocates for its application as a pretreatment before attempting to remove a jammed implant part.

This research proposes to investigate if prophylactic antibiotic use reduces the rates of sinus graft infection and/or dental implant failure during maxillary sinus elevation surgeries (primary outcome), and to identify the optimal antibiotic regimen (secondary outcome). Searches were performed across the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, and OpenGrey databases from December 2006 to December 2021, inclusive. English-language, comparative clinical studies, both prospective and retrospective, which included at least 50 patients, were deemed eligible. Among the excluded materials were animal studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, narrative literature reviews, books, case reports, letters to the editor, and commentaries. The identified studies' assessment, data extraction, and bias risk evaluation were conducted independently by two reviewers. Whenever required, the authors were contacted. DNA Repair chemical Descriptive methods were used to report the collected data. Twelve studies were deemed eligible for inclusion based on the criteria. The sole retrospective analysis evaluating antibiotic use against no antibiotic use found no statistically significant variation in implant failure; nonetheless, sinus infection data remained absent. Analysis of the single randomized clinical trial comparing antibiotic regimens (intraoperative administration versus seven additional postoperative days) revealed no statistically significant variations in sinus infection rates between the treatment groups. The evidence base is too thin to support the employment or exclusion of antibiotic prophylaxis during sinus elevation procedures, nor does it differentiate the superiority of one approach compared to others.

Investigating the precision (linear and angular error) of implanted devices placed via computer-assisted procedures, exploring variations connected to surgical approaches (fully guided, partially guided, and traditional methods), bone density (from type D1 to D4), and the supporting structures (teeth versus mucosal attachments). A total of thirty-two mandible models, comprised of sixteen partially edentulous and sixteen edentulous specimens, were constructed from acrylic resin. Each model was precisely calibrated to a different bone density, ranging from D1 to D4. Four implants were placed in each acrylic resin mandible, a procedure guided by the Mguide software. 128 implants were strategically placed, differentiating by bone density (D1 to D4, 32 implants each group), surgical method (80 fully guided [FG], 32 half-guided [HG], and 16 freehand [F]), and support type (64 tooth-supported and 64 mucosa-supported). To establish the discrepancies in the linear, vertical, and angular alignment of the implanted components from their planned three-dimensional positions, the linear and angular differences were determined using comparative analysis of preoperative and postoperative Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans. An analysis of the effect was undertaken, leveraging parametric tests and linear regression modeling. Results from the neck, body, and apex regions' examination of linear and angular discrepancies strongly indicated the technique as the primary contributing factor. Bone type, although contributing, was of lesser influence. Nonetheless, both were significantly predictive parameters. The presence of complete edentulism often exacerbates the issue of these discrepancies. A comparison of FG and HG techniques, using regression models, reveals that linear deviations increase by 6302 meters buccolingually at the neck level and 8367 meters mesiodistally at the apex level. The HG and F approaches exhibit a buildup of this increase. The regression models, studying the effect of bone density, noted linear deviations increasing from 1326 meters in the axial direction to 1990 meters at the implant apex in the buccolingual dimension for every decrease in density (D1 to D4). Based on this in vitro study, the most reliable implant placement is observed in dentate models characterized by high bone density and the use of a completely guided surgical technique.

The objectives of this study include evaluating the response of hard and soft tissues and the mechanical integrity in screw-retained layered zirconia crowns bonded to titanium nitride-coated titanium (TiN) CAD/CAM abutments supported by implants, at 1 and 2-year post-placement follow-ups. Using implant-supported layered zirconia crowns, 46 patients received a total of 102 restorations. In a dental laboratory setting, each crown was bonded to its corresponding abutment and delivered as a screw-retained, complete unit. Information pertaining to pocket probing depth, bleeding on probing, marginal bone levels, and mechanical complications was collected from baseline, one-year, and two-year data points. Among the 46 patients, 4 with a single implant apiece did not receive follow-up care. These patients' data was not incorporated into the final analysis. From the 98 implants that remained, 94 and 86 had soft tissue measurements recorded one and two years post-implantation, respectively, affected by pandemic-related appointment cancellations. The mean buccal/lingual pocket probing depths were 180/195mm and 209/217mm, respectively. At one-year and two-year follow-up, the mean bleeding on probing scores were 0.50 and 0.53, respectively, indicating bleeding severity categorized as negligible to minor, in line with the study's established parameters. Implant radiographs were collected for 74 units at year one and 86 at year two. Following the study's duration, the bone's final level, in comparison to the reference point, registered +049 mm mesially and +019 mm distally. One dental unit (1%) exhibited a mechanical complication due to a slight crown margin misalignment. Porcelain fractures were observed in 16 units (16%), while a preload decrease was seen in 12 units (12%), each showing less than 5 Ncm (or less than 20% of initial preload). Ceramic crowns bonded to CAD/CAM screw-retained abutments via angulated screw access exhibited a high degree of biologic and mechanical stability. This was evidenced by overall bone gain, optimal soft tissue condition, and limited mechanical issues, mainly consisting of minor porcelain fractures and clinically insignificant preload loss.

To assess the relative precision of soft-milled cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) in tooth/implant-supported restorations, contrasting its marginal accuracy with other fabrication techniques and restorative materials.