(C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“To understand

the selleck chemical adaptive capacity of a species in response to rapid habitat destruction and climate change, we investigated variation in body temperature (T-b) of three species of antelope, namely eland, blue wildebeest and impala, using abdominally-implanted temperature data loggers. The study was conducted at two climatically contrasting environments in South Africa, one with a less seasonal and mild winter (Mapungubwe National Park) and the other with a more seasonal, long and cold winter (Asante Sana Game Reserve). Since the habitat with long and cold winters would be suboptimal for these African antelopes, which evolved in less seasonal and hot environments, antelopes in Asante Sana were expected to exhibit a larger amplitude in T-b and a lower minimum body temperature (Min T-b) during winter to reduce T-b and the ambient temperature (T-b-T-a) gradient to save energy. In both eland and impala, 24-h body temperature amplitude did not differ between the study sites, regardless of season. Conversely, wildebeest in Mapungubwe showed a higher variability in the 24-h amplitude of body temperature and also a lower Min T-b during winter and spring than the wildebeest in Asante Sana. This variation

in T-b among Mapungubwe wildebeest was influenced by both the amplitude of ambient temperature (positive) and cumulative rainfall (negative), which was not the case for wildebeest in Asante Sana. We propose that the low Min T-b of wildebeest in Mapungubwe was the result selleck products of nutritional stress during winter and spring; an evident response even

during a year of average rainfall. Therefore, these wildebeest apparently live in a physiologically stressful environment. CHIR-99021 research buy With the predicted increase in the frequency and intensity of drought periods in southern Africa, wildebeest and other grazers, will likely experience greater nutritional stress in the future. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: To investigate the cross-sectional associations among self-reported weekly strenuous exercise bouts, anxiety sensitivity, and their interaction with pain catastrophizing and pain responses to the cold pressor task (CPT) in healthy, ethnically diverse young adults (n = 79). Exercise involvement has been shown to have hypoalgesic effects and cognitive factors may partially explain this effect, Particularly, alterations in pain catastrophizing have been found to mediate the positive pain outcomes of multidisciplinary treatments incorporating exercise. Further, recent evidence suggests that exercise involvement and anxiety sensitivity may act together, as interacting factors, to exert an effect on catastrophizing and pain outcomes; however, further research is needed to clarify the nature of this interaction.