An equal amount of solution B was added dropwise resulting in a final DMSO-concentration of 10% and a PBMC-concentration

of 11.5 × 106 cells/ml. With the protein-free and the FBS-based cryomedia, PBMC were directly resuspended in the medium at a concentration of 11.5 × 106 cells/ml. 1 ml aliquots of cell suspension were immediately transferred to precooled (− 20 °C) cryovials (Sarstedt, Nürnbrecht), placed into a freezing isopropanol container (VWR, Darmstadt; cooling rate of 1 °C/min) for freezing and stored at − 80 °C overnight. Afterwards, samples were transferred to the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank and stored for no more than 4 weeks or for, on average, 6 months, comparing the short- and long-term effects of the cryopreservation protocol. For STA-9090 clinical trial thawing, IMDM medium (Gibco, Karlsruhe) containing l-glutamine, 25 mM HEPES buffer, and 3.024 g/l sodium bicarbonate was used, supplemented with 10% of the same pretested, heat-inactivated FBS (PAA, Cölbe) as used for cryopreservation and 1 mM l-glutamine (Gibco, Karlsruhe). The cryovials were directly transferred from the liquid nitrogen tank to a 37 °C water bath and samples were thawed until only little ice remained. Afterwards, 1 ml of

the thawing medium was slowly added to the PBMC suspension and the sample was transferred to a 50 ml polypropylene tube (Sarstedt, Nürnbrecht) containing http://www.selleckchem.com/products/ABT-888.html 9 ml prewarmed thawing medium. The tubes were centrifuged with 400 g for 5 min. The PBMC were resuspended in 10 ml thawing medium and placed in a cell incubator (5% CO2, 37 °C) overnight with a loose cap. The efficiency of the cryopreservation

protocol was evaluated after short- (2.6 ± 1.1 weeks) and long-term storage (5.4 ± 1.6 months) of the PBMC in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank. 3 samples per cryomedium and donor were thawed and cell recovery and viability were measured directly and after overnight rest using trypan blue exclusion by ViCell (Beckman Coulter, Krefeld). Each sample was measured three times. Cell recovery and cell viability were Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase calculated in the following way: Recovery%directly after thawing,0h:% recovery=number of viable PBMC after thawing×100/number of frozen viable PBMC Recovery%after overnight rest,24h:% recovery=number of viable PBMC after overnight rest×100/number of frozen viable PBMC–number of viable PBMC removed for measurement at0h %viability=number of viable PBMC×100/number of total PBMC%viability=number of viable PBMC×100/number of total PBMC PBMC were assayed for IFN-γ production in the presence of CMV (cytomegalovirus) pp65 peptide pool (BD Bioscience, Heidelberg), CEF peptide pool (cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, and influenza virus, CTL, Bonn), PHA (phytohemagglutinin, Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen) and media containing 0.4% DMSO in triplicates.